Skip to main content

History of Baeza

Although archaeological samples do not suggest the presence of many human settlements in the area prior to the Copper Age (middle of the III Millennium BC), there is evidence dating back to the fifth Millennium BC documenting the life habits of the hunters and gatherers of epipalaeolithic groups. A thousand years later, communities from further south arrived, specifically from the caves and shelters of Sierra Mágina, bringing with them Neolithic forms based on agricultural activity and certain technical advances such as the polishing of stone and ceramics. This has been documented in sites such as Los Horneros, Los Morales and Toya.

Torreón de Lupión
The tower of Lupión belonged to an old medieval castle that can be dated to the thirteenth century. Adjoining the parade ground, it has a square-shaped interior but one rounded exterior side facing the street.

History - Lupión
Lupión occupies a plateau surrounded by olive groves. The resultant olive oil industry and cotton cultivation in the Guadalquivir Valley form the town’s two main sources of income. The great archaeological wealth of the town demonstrates its rich and varied history. It has about 830 inhabitants.

History - Torreblascopedro

Torreblascopedro’s Campillo del Río district produces more asparagus than any other area in the entire province of Jaén. The municipality also boasts a proud olive-growing tradition. It has about 2,400 inhabitants.

Castillo de Sabiote
The known history of the castle dates back to the thirteenth century, due to the defensive advantage of the hill on which it stands over the La Loma region.

History - Sabiote

The origins of Sabiote date back to its colonization around 1,200 B.C., when the commercial spirit of the Phoenicians was attracted to the area’s natural wealth. It wasn’t until the Middle Ages that human settlement turned the town into a small medieval city.

History - Torreperogil

Torreperogil is a destination of special interest for those who wish to practice wine tourism in Jaén, being one of the few towns in the province that produce wines of recognised quality. It has about 7,200 inhabitants.

History - Rus
The economy and culture of Rus are rooted in olive growing, olive oil production and textiles. Its proximity to and good road links with Úbeda and Linares mean that trade routes are well established with these municipalities. It has about 3,500 inhabitants.

History - Ibros
The olive tree is the protagonist of the small town of Ibros, with olive fields occupying large extensions of land. The biodiversity and ecology of Ibros are strengthened further by numerous vegetable gardens. The town has about 2,800 inhabitants.

History - Canena
Together with Villacarrillo, Villanueva del Arzobispo and Sorihuela del Guadalimar, Iznatoraf is one of the “four towns” that give their name to the mountains in the area.

History - Iznatoraf

Together with Villacarrillo, Villanueva del Arzobispo and Sorihuela del Guadalimar, Iznatoraf is one of the “four towns” that give their name to the mountains in the area.

History - Santa Elena
The area has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as evidenced by 5,000-year-old local cave paintings, which were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998. Unfortunately, these paintings in Cueva de los Escolares have suffered serious damage.

History - La Carolina
The town was founded by King Carlos III in 1767, at the suggestion of the Treasury Commissioner Miguel Muzquiz, under the Sierra Morena Plan for New Colonization Villages.

Castillo de las Huelgas
The two towers of this castle have prompted archivists to attribute its construction to the Berber occupation of al-Andalus, although the previous existence of an Iberian oppidum is suggested, with remains of Roman work.

Estación de Jabalquinto
The station was opened on September 15, 1866 in line with the newly commissioned Vilches-Córdoba railway line that was intended to link Manzanares with Córdoba. MZA’s concession of the line was of great importance, since it allowed the station’s expansion to the south after having managed to link Madrid with Zaragoza and Alicante.

Finca Badenes (Aires de Jaén)
Finca Badenes is an olive farm with an extra virgin olive oil mill and bottling plant. It is open for visitors, offering several routes around the farm to explain the different varieties and plantations, as well as the facilities in the oil mill and bottling machine, where you can learn about the entire production process.

Ermita de San Bautista y Nuestra Señora de la Mercedes
The chapel was built by order of the Marchioness, Catalina de Rojas y Sandoval, in 1635. It is a small convent-style building located just behind the Town Hall, next to a viewpoint with excellent views, now deconsecrated and conditioned for housing

Iglesia Parroquial de la Encarnación
Construction of the church began in the sixteenth century, but the population growth of the late eighteenth century necessitated an expansion process which was undertaken throughout the 1800s.

History - Jabalquinto
Jabalquinto originated as a Muslim tower with the dual purposes of controlling and defending the ford of the Gualdalquivir River. On November 5, 1009, the Battle of Quantix took place in what is now the rural district of Jabalquinto, as recounted in the famous chronicle by Constable Lucas de Iranzo.
Subscribe to History